By Salgado Salomón, María Eugenia,.

, La presencia de especies de Tomentella ha sido reportada abundantemente en bosques templados, tropicales y regiones circumpolares. Las especies del género Tomentella forman típicamente ectomicorrizas (EM) aunque también micorrizas orquioides, ericoides, monotroides y arbutoides. La descripción y caracterización de los morfotipos EM constituyen una herramienta muy útil en trabajos ecológicos. En este trabajo se presentan descripciones morfo-anatómicas de 4 EM de Tomentella asociadas a Nothofagus pumilio, N. dombeyi, N. antarctica, Lophozonia alpina y L. procera, identificadas molecularmente a nivel específico. La morfología y el tipo de exploración de las 4 EM fueron consistentes con lo reportado previamente para el género. Estas EM no presentaron especificidad por un único hospedante de Nothofagaceae. Nuestros resultados demuestran que el estudio morfo-anatómico de los morfotipos EM constituye una herramienta insustituible para la cuantificación y el análisis de la diversidad funcional de la comunidad EM.

, Pseudotsuga menziesii, one of the most widely planted exotic Pinaceae in NW Patagonia (Argentina), has been introduced in different environmental conditions showing an invasive behavior on neighboring Nothofagus forests. Recent researches have shown high abundance of ecto- (EM) and ectendomycorrhiza in Ps. menziesii seedlings from Patagonia but the presence, type and abundance of endomycorrhiza (arbuscular mycorrhiza, AM) in the context of invasion processes remain unknown. We studied the AM status of invading Ps. menziesii seedlings from Nothofagus-Ps. menziesii invasion matrices in Patagonia, including AM colonization percentages and AM types, and we analyzed the evolution of AM colonization with seedlings’ age in relation with EM colonization. Twenty-five, up to 5 years old seedlings from each six Nothofagus-Ps. menziesii invasion matrices were collected to measure AM and EM colonization percentages and to determine AM root colonization types (Arum or Paris). AM colonization varied from 23.7–29.4% among sites, with different proportions of Arum- and Paris-types. Also, the co-existence of both AM types was found in the same plant in all studied sites. Dark Septate Endophytes were found widely distributed, abundant, and coexisting with AM and EM in roots. A clear AM-EM colonization succession was not found, as both AM and EM colonization coexist from the beginning of seedlings’ establishment. A great plasticity regarding the mutualistic associations established by Ps. menziesii revealed a highly beneficial strategy to succeed in the invasion process.

, Pseudotsuga menziesii is one of the most widely planted conifers in the Patagonian Andes of Argentina, with invading characteristics that are widely reported. Nevertheless, little is known about the role of its obligate mycorrhizal associations in limiting or fostering the establishment of invading seedlings. We studied the richness and abundance of endo- (AM) and ectomycorrhizae (EM) present in P. menziesii seedlings growing in six Nothofagus forests invaded by P. menziesii seedlings (Nothofagus + P. menziesii) matrices. One transect along the maximum effective recruitment distance (ERA) was established at each site in order to wrench seedlings and sample soils. P. menziesii showed effective associations with a wide range of mycorrhizal symbionts: AM (ranging between 13.21 and 37.11%), EM (ranging between 79.91 and 89.14%) and Dark Septate Endophytes (DSE). Seedlings' mycorrhization percentages were always high, suggesting a good nursery effect provided by neighboring plantations. Mycorrhizal abundance (AM% and EM%), EM morphotypes richness and evenness showed significant differences between sites, indicating that P. menziesii displays a high plasticity being capable to select the more convenient mycorrhizal arrangement at each invaded site.

, Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex P. & C. Laws.), an ectomycorrhiza (EM) dependent species, has been widely introduced in Patagonia, Argentina. This study used morphotyping, restriction analysis, and sequencing of EM root tips from ponderosa pine seedlings in two nurseries to assess the complete EM fungus (EMF) richness, to confirm doubtful identities of commonly reported morphotypes, and to evaluate the efficiency of morphotyping compared with molecular analysis. This interdisciplinary approach together with the fact that is the first study in which Patagonian nurseries EMF are genetically evaluated contributes to the general knowledge of this important group of fungi. Sequencing revealed the presence of 11 taxa. Basidiomycetes included Thelephoraceae (Tomentella sp.), Atheliaceae (Amphinema byssoides (Pers.) J. Erikss.), Hydnangiaceae (Laccaria sp.), Rhizopogonaceae (Rhizopogon roseolus (Corda) Th. Fr.), and Cortinariaceae (Hebeloma mesophaeum (Pers.) Quel.). Ascomycetes included Pezizaceae (Wilcoxina mikolae (Chin S. Yang & H.E. Wilcox) Chin S. Yang & Korf and Wilcoxina sp.) and Tuberaceae (Tuber sp.). Morphotyping proved to be useful for certain EMF species (R. roseolus, H. mesophaeum, A. byssoides, and to a lesser extent Tuber sp.) in which some morphological features are conspicuous and unique. Our detection of W. mikolae and Wilcoxina sp. are new records for ponderosa pine in Patagonia. All of the EM taxa identified are common to pine plantations and nurseries around the world, and no indigenous EM associated with native Nothofagus spp. were found.

[S.l] [s.n], 2021

[S.l.] [s.n.], 2018 .
32 p.

By Salgado Salomón, María Eugenia,.
.
pp 237–254

, Sesiones orales

, Sesiones orales

By Arguiano, Carolina, .
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p. 4

By Salgado Salomón, María Eugenia,.